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- THE NATIONAL HEALTH - UNDER THE WEATHER, UNDER THE GUN
-
- By AILEEN McCABE
- Southam News
-
- LONDON - Robert Davies had one of Britain's most celebrated
- cataract operations.
-
- In France.
-
- The 68-year-old Kent man was front-page news when he decided to
- jump the queue in the National Health Service (NHS) and go across
- the Channel to have his sight restored.
-
- Plagued by two years of eye problems and deteriorating vision,
- Davies was told in February that he needed a cataract operation. He
- was also told he might have to wait more than a year for surgery on
- the NHS.
-
- Long time that. He telephoned France and 16 days later he was under
- the knife in Boulogne Centre Hospital.
-
- There are currently more than one million people on the NHS waiting
- list for elective surgery. For some, it will be just a matter of
- months before their operation is scheduled. For others, a chronic
- problem will become acute and they'll need emergency surgery long
- before their number comes up.
-
- For many, however, the cataracts, varicose veins or bothersome
- planters wart will have to wait a year or more for surgical
- attention at Britain's busy NHS hospitals.
-
- State medicare was born in Britain 43 years ago. The brain child of
- Clement Attlee's Labor government, the NHS was immediately welcomed
- as the innovative and far-reaching program it was.
-
- See <03health> for history of Canadian health system
- see also <28health>
-
- And nothing in the intervening years has shaken the average
- Briton's faith in the underlying philosophy of Aneurin Bevan, the
- NHS's founding minister, who argued that where illness is concerned
- ``poverty should not be a disability and wealth not an advantage.''
-
- See also <28health -Douglas> for Canadian health and poverty
-
- What has changed since those heady days of social experimentation
- is the effectiveness of Britain's health care system. Strikes,
- queues and bed closures are as prevalent as aspirin.
-
- Critics claim the tax-funded NHS, under which care is delivered
- almost entirely free universally, is and has been chronically
- underfunded by successive British governments.
-
- They point to comparative figures that show Canada spends almost
- twice as much per capita on health care as Britain, France about 30
- per cent more, the Netherlands almost 25 per cent more and on and
- on.
-
- This cash crunch is starting to eat away at the foundation of
- Bevan's dream. Between 1979 and 1989 the percentage of Britons
- opting to pay for private health insurance doubled from five per
- cent to 10.
-
- Former prime minister Margaret Thatcher is a typical case in point.
- When she decided to have painful varicose veins removed she didn't
- have the time to wait in line for surgery. She jumped the queue and
- paid for private care.
-
- The experience made her no more susceptible to NHS demands for more
- funding but did perhaps influence her decision in 1988 to bring her
- capitalist will to bear on the most sacred pillar of Britain's
- post-war socialist state.
-
- Although the lady has now departed, Thatcher's reforms live after
- her. On April 1 of this year, the first stage of her potentially
- revolutionary dream was introduced.
-
- With surprisingly little clamor, the NHS met the free market
- economy and began what is designed to be a slow transition to
- forcibly march in step.
-
- Like so many of Thatcher's reforms, the principle behind the
- changes in the NHS is competition and cost effectiveness. She
- wanted more value for the almost $60 billion the government spends
- on the system.
-
- Simply put, hospitals in Britain will now compete with each other
- for patients. When the system is fully implemented, if a hospital
- in the Midlands can replace a hip joint faster and more cheaply
- than one in London, a doctor in London can opt to send his patient
- - and the NHS funding the patient will carry on his back - halfway
- across the country for surgery.
-
- In theory, this should cut queues, encourage efficiency and reward
- thrift. And, in practice, it may.
-
- At London's famous Guy's Hospital, one of the 57 ``self-governing
- trusts'' established to pioneer the NHS's leap into the
- marketplace, administrators are taking the spectre of competition
- seriously.
-
- The hospital is renowned for its specialized - ``expensive'' -
- medical services and now it must convince the new breed of doctor-
- ``budget-holders'' created by the reforms to buy its services with
- their limited funds rather than use cheaper, less-renowned
- facilities.
-
- One of Guy's initial responses to the competition is to make the
- hospital more user friendly. Better signposts and quicker
- transportation home are on the agenda, as is better elevator
- maintenance.
-
- The changes are designed to influence patients. Under the new
- system they have no more say in their treatment than under the old,
- but now they can possibly pressure their doctor-``budget-holder''
- to loosen his purse strings to buy them first-class care.
-
- Critics of the new system, including the British Medical
- Association, see fundamental problems ahead. Not least of their
- worries is that in their drive for cost efficiency hospitals will
- concentrate more and more time treating routine, ``cheap'' ailments
- and leave those with serious, ``expensive'' ailments little choice
- but to seek private care - if they can afford it.
-
- Moreover, once the single continental market dawns in Europe in
- 1992, many worry Britain's new buy-and-sell NHS will become swamped
- by competitors.
-
- In that context, Robert Davies' cataract operation is seen as the
- tip of the iceberg. If French hospitals can offer cheaper, quicker
- care, British doctor-``budget-holders'' may find them the perfect
- solution for stretching their limited funds. Future generations may
- see the Channel tunnel as the straw that broke the NHS's back.
-
- By definition, revolutions need revolutionaries leading them and
- the revolution now under way in the NHS is no exception.
-
- What it has, however, is John Major and he more than anything else
- explains why Briton's are not in the streets today marching in
- defence of their once-proud health system.
-
- Major uses the NHS, he's a ``kinder, gentler'' politician than
- Thatcher and, anyway, he just may be defeated by Labor when an
- election is held, probably later this year.
-
- Hence no riots. The Major factor more than Thatcher's revolutionary
- blueprint will likely determine the future of the NHS.
-
- The current Thatcher-induced flux can't hide the fact that the way
- forward for the NHS really hasn't been determined yet.
-